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Spy Others Computers With Trojan Virus

Anonymous 0 PC Hacking tricks, Pc trick, pchackingtricks 06:30

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<span style="background-color: white; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px;">Today
 you will learn in this post to make pro rat trojan. Using which you 
will be able to hack the whole victim computer including all the 
Facebook, twitter and other email id's saved passwords. Seems 
interesting so lets start!</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><u style="border: medium none; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: medium none; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: medium none; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">What Is Pro Rat Trojan ?</span></b></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: medium none; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">In
 short,Pro rat trojan is the type of trojan which uses it's spying 
ability to spy in your victims computer and let you control it.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: medium none; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><u style="border: medium none; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: medium none; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: medium none; font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Making Of Pro Rat Trojan:</span></b></u></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: medium none; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Generally
 there are lot of ways to make pro rat trojan but I shall teach you the 
easiest way to make it . Things you need for it are given:</span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.4shared.com/rar/oXWm27Z2/ProRat_20.html?locale=en" target="_blank">ProRat</a></div>
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Log
 onto no-ip.com and get registration there with an account .(I leave 
this easy part on you, As you might have experience of signing up)<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="more"></a></div>
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Now download their <a href="http://www.noip.com/download?page=win" target="_blank">Dns update client</a> . Run it and by the help of it update your hostname and save it</div>
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Now we will PING on our host to check whether our host ip has been associated with the chosen server or not.</div>
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<u style="border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">WHAT IS PING ?</b></u></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: medium none; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">It is the good question . </span>Ping
 is a program that sends a series of packets over a network or the 
Internet to a specific computer in order to generate a response from 
that computer. The other computer responds with an acknowledgment that 
it received the packets. Ping was created to verify whether a specific 
computer on a network or the Internet exists and is connected.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: medium none; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Go to <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: medium none; color: #cc0000; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">RUN </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: medium none; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">and enter <i style="border: medium none; color: #cc0000; font-weight: bold; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">CMD </i>in it . A window will pop out , it is the command prompt well you can guess it's work from it's name . Now enter in it <i style="border: medium none; color: #990000; font-weight: bold; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">PING *NAME OF YOUR HOSTNAME*</i></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: medium none; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">,press enter and it would reply with your ip .</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: medium none; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">After
 ensuring it that you have been connected to chosen server move to the 
folder where you have installed the pro rat and open pro rat.exe . A 
window will pop out , now refer to the photo given bellow .</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: medium none; list-style: none outside none; margin: 0px; outline: medium none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Click
 on creat and then click on create pro rat server as given . Now for a 
window will open and will take necessary information refer to another 
photo given bellow .</span></span></div>
<img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5585673577057786322" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIKtKc4Iskv3UlukMveufYEj1yrMldU9BUWLjbp-aUW6-6lhSB54FDB1i54hIjX_CNVehn4pjD1d58Rh-5zTAGsQAUD6ojsgkRowaNLD7-ZEUkVlRJqQ90DhXMvLjv5BAww901hj-7IRJj/s320/pro2.jpg" style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; cursor: pointer; float: left; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; height: 271px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 10px 10px 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 320px;" /><br />
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
After filling the options click on <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: none; color: #990000; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Create Server </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">and
 your server would be ready to give out to your victim . Attach it to 
the file or directly give it to your victim . I left it on you.</span><br />
<br style="border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" />
<blockquote style="border: none; color: #383838; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.45; list-style: none; margin: 0.25em 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.25em 40px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 500px;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Note:
 You can use many social engineering tricks to send the file to the 
victim. You may also ask the victim to turn of antivirus its a new game.
 Later I shall post about how to hide your server from antivirus.</b></span></blockquote>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" /></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">When the victim will run the server , Open the pro rat again and goto <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: none; color: #660000; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">pro connectivity and click on the button given bellow </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">more refer to the photo:</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" /></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5585676114672240818" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXVQCUK9MYFXHu6OrrYOO4cJ8nxNysBxUdr7VkurO6_JKudr0ir7EvhCTmAZciNtzANoMnARBII9mxf-nYTSJwunqKRDl8fK2coEe7eb_DxcDD9E4E9y3NpbZVLSfwaPIC5PQ5FNxsai1X/s320/pro4.jpg" style="border: none; cursor: pointer; float: left; height: 232px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 10px 10px 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 320px;" /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: none; color: #303030; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Thus
 you can do lots of things using it. You can log all the keys pressed by
 victim, can take screen shots of his pc. And Much more.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: red;"><span style="font-family: "Droid Sans",Verdana,sans-serif; line-height: 21px;"><span>Note: OnepPlaceWeb<span></span> Will Not Be Responsible For Any Damages Caused By You.</span></span></span></span></div>

Spy Others Computers With Trojan Virus

Today you will learn in this post to make pro rat trojan. Using which you will be able to hack the whole victim computer includi...

New FaceBook Phishing Method...

Anonymous 0 PC Hacking tricks, Pc trick, pchackingtricks 06:12

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjteH8pPBVL4ge3yGWPi8Tt4R2E9_7uswAi51n8kDXGa0ePZpEY2wBLFkOeySJAJr3iYbREjh-OK7SI_liuX_qq4HcPgW7LxcyoJFm4E5VtTDyx0oDGFogAmw4hMI0qeLuu5AAmWbGYzS4/s1600/index.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjteH8pPBVL4ge3yGWPi8Tt4R2E9_7uswAi51n8kDXGa0ePZpEY2wBLFkOeySJAJr3iYbREjh-OK7SI_liuX_qq4HcPgW7LxcyoJFm4E5VtTDyx0oDGFogAmw4hMI0qeLuu5AAmWbGYzS4/s1600/index.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
<b> </b></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
<b> </b></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
<b>DEMO:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://fb-secure.wapka.mobi/" rel="nofollow" style="color: #3b5998; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">http://fb-secure.wapka.mobi</a></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
<b>Step 1:</b>  </div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
Register a new Wapka Account First create a new wapka account from the link below.<br />
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/notes/hacker-university/new-method-design-of-facebook-phishing/743368922340042#" role="button" style="color: #3b5998; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;">Wapka.Mobi</a></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
<b>Step 2:</b> Go to Admin Mode.<br />
<br />
<b>Step 3:</b> Edit Site >>mail form>> </div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
**Remember: Enable CAPTCHA pictures: Must UnMark it ..**<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="more"></a></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
Now press Submit & Remember Don't set it admin mode.<br />
<b>Step 4:</b> Now Make a source of ur site. Don't no about source view? </div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
Go Here <a href="http://wap0fbd.tk/wapmaster/source_viewer" rel="nofollow" style="color: #3b5998; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">http://wap0fbd.tk/wapmaster/source_viewer</a>. </div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
then put your site link in the box and view the source..... </div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
Now the main work of this tutorial is <b>collecting the value<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b><b>like="117465354"</b> code by source. </div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
You have to search that value carefully....</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
<b>Next step>></b> After collecting the</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
value="XXXXXXXX" code u Must hide the mailform in Admin Mode.<br />
<b>How to hide it on Admin Mode???</b> </div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
Ans: Go To <b>Edit Site>user>Items visibility>Now click on X</b>.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
Now its Done.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
<b>Step 5:</b> </div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
Go <a href="http://pastebin.com/ibnJRMkW" target="_blank">here</a> and copy the full Code Of Fb Phishing Page..<br />
<br />
<b>Step</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>6: Now Go to edit
 site>WML/XHTML and insert the above copied post. Remember to Change 
the value=XXXXXXXXX with your Collected Value<br />
<br />
<b>VOILA !!!!! You now have your own new facebook phishing</b></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
Now the main Question that How can i get The Hacked User Name and Passaword? </div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
Yes, U can get The hacked User name & Password at your Mail inbox which U have used in Wapka.mobi Registering.</div>
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Thanks to all. Please leave your feedback</div>
</div>

New FaceBook Phishing Method...

DEMO: http://fb-secure.wapka.mobi Step 1: Register a new Wapka Account First create a new wapka account from the link b...

Hack FaceBook Account with Man in The Middle Attack

Anonymous 0 PC Hacking tricks, Pc trick, pchackingtricks 06:07

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrcLJ_vYc90NRIhFAgTRc5V-lLuZNLnFDvU4QgquZQdhgNXQMK89cfnCm6WQ9ggsRKywEigc9wBvSMaVBIpRoYywnvdp9ObwniEKgVIzrpLsZ29bSM86Xm_ETzAtuK8CEcxen0wIf6YHxh/s1600/index.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrcLJ_vYc90NRIhFAgTRc5V-lLuZNLnFDvU4QgquZQdhgNXQMK89cfnCm6WQ9ggsRKywEigc9wBvSMaVBIpRoYywnvdp9ObwniEKgVIzrpLsZ29bSM86Xm_ETzAtuK8CEcxen0wIf6YHxh/s1600/index.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Social networking is ruling the world and the queen
 of social networking is obviously Facebook. It has currently over 900 
million users and day by day they are increasing. As the popularity 
increasing, do the frauds are also... Every day a lot of people are 
searching for the methods of Facebook hacking and "How to hack Facebook"
 is one of the trending search terms of Google these days. And so</span>
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Today, i am back to you again with a new kind of attack to hack Facebook passwords.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhjlLrs12TapKELcBSEMqHHqa2P8YA_B2YjOuD05_gVOMAuI3oad_qYlVxxC7U4hr00ePZ75mL5fIwQAdhLyJf6L-QWnZ0laMZ7c0Oec9ev4e0pmcKF5i6bfDiORGo2l3pVJMo2YP2JtGq/s1600/facebookhacked.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhjlLrs12TapKELcBSEMqHHqa2P8YA_B2YjOuD05_gVOMAuI3oad_qYlVxxC7U4hr00ePZ75mL5fIwQAdhLyJf6L-QWnZ0laMZ7c0Oec9ev4e0pmcKF5i6bfDiORGo2l3pVJMo2YP2JtGq/s1600/facebookhacked.jpg" /></a></span></div>
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This attack is called as Man in the middle attack. And here it goes..<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="more"></a></span></div>
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But before going to the details, i wanna mention here that this method 
is somewhat moderately difficult and needs some expertise in the field 
of computers and networking. </span></div>
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So if you are a newbie, then i will recommend you to learn the following things first and then go ahead with this tutorial:</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>OK, Now lets proceed with the tutorial. For this attack, you need the following tools:</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>XAMPP – APACHE+PHP+MySQL </b>which will be our fake web server</span></div>
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          <b><a href="http://www.apachefriends.org/index.html" target="_blank">Click here to Download it</a></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Cain & Abel</b> </span></div>
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<b>          <a href="http://www.4shared.com/rar/ATIK3hwV/Cain__Abel_4935.html" target="_blank">Click here to Download it</a></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Facebook Offline Page</b> Guys, i have to mention here that this fake
 page won't take your victim to the original Facebook page. This is 
purely for learning.</span></div>
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          <b><a href="http://www.4shared.com/rar/r-2RMc1W/FB_Fake_page_Man_in_middle_att.html" target="_blank">Download Facebook offline page here</a></b></span></div>
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After downloading the above page, you extract the archive and replace 
Login and Index PHP pages with the pages you download from the below 
link.</span></div>
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<b>          <a href="http://www.4shared.com/rar/PMqGajsx/Man_in_the_middle_attack_FB_in.html" target="_blank">Download Login.php and Index.php update files here</a></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Step by step Proceadure:</b></span></div>
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I assume you’re in a Local Area Network <b>(Man in the middle attack can be done in Local area networks only) </b>and your</span>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Attacker IP Address</b> : 127.0.0.1</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Victim IP Address</b>     : 127.0.0.28</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Fake Web Server</b>      : 127.0.0.90</span>
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1. Install the XAMPP and run the MySQL and APACHE  </span></div>
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2. Extract the fb.rar and copy the content to C:\xampp\ ( <b>Assuming your default drive for installations is C:\</b>)</span></div>
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3. Check the fake web server if it is working or not by opening it in a 
web browser and type http://localhost so that the fake Facebook page 
will be opened. Which is the fake page relied on your MySQL server.</span></div>
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4. Install Cain & Abel and do the APR (ARP Poisoning Routing) as following.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Click on the start/stop sniffer then</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Choose your interface and click OK. Now click the Start/Stop Sniffer again to activate the sniffing interface.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Now go to the Sniffer tab and then click the + (plus sign)</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Select "All hosts in my subnet" and Click OK.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Now you can see all the people in your network, but my target is 127.0.0.28</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>After we got all the information, click at the bottom of application on the APR tab.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Click the + button, and follow the instruction below.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Your next step is preparing to redirect the facebook.com page to the fake web server.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Click "APR DNS" and click + to add the new redirecting rule and then click </b><b>OK. Then the next step is to activate the APR by clicking the Start/Stop APR</b></span></div>
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5. Now you are done. </span></div>
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Whenever the victim opens the Facebook, he goes to your fake FB page 
instead of the original Facebook login. So once he enters his login 
credentials, you will be having them in your view.php.</span></div>
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6. But if you ping the domain name, you can reveal that it’s fake, because the address is IP of the attacker .<br /><span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />NOTE: OnePlaceWeb Will Not BE Responsible For Any Damages Caused By You</span></span></span></div>
</div>

Hack FaceBook Account with Man in The Middle Attack

Social networking is ruling the world and the queen of social networking is obviously Facebook. It has currently over 900 million user...

Hack Websites with LOIC (DDos Attack)

Anonymous 0 PC Hacking tricks, Pc trick, pchackingtricks 06:03

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEion7hmf5qXkBThXPsrDtcMmVE_9X7Ml-G2JKz1_GL4WJXup6n-k9YrkjU5teFlcoUuKhT2uM4IEX5xblJYKunh_xVlLvTqbEAa5k7H3Aj5czaUG_I6Lje4sxSYw4bj4ItBddyExIERRifo/s1600/index.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="166" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEion7hmf5qXkBThXPsrDtcMmVE_9X7Ml-G2JKz1_GL4WJXup6n-k9YrkjU5teFlcoUuKhT2uM4IEX5xblJYKunh_xVlLvTqbEAa5k7H3Aj5czaUG_I6Lje4sxSYw4bj4ItBddyExIERRifo/s1600/index.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">LOIC performs a denial-of-service (DoS) attack (or when used by multiple
 individuals, a DDoS attack) on a target site by flooding the server 
with TCP udp or UDP packets with the intention of disrupting the service
 of a particular host. People have used LOIC to join voluntary botnets.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9Fn8PKQMLmLi-V_VBXamW01_F_QjPAVs139kZC2Fp4BNn590vdAgcAd1kqFqAq9Xv-ucDwnHog3AfTJnccyUU52cXnqzFSxi4zzSwdAb3LEVVbLzbetgJcU0RPN9fOdWddtH-H3gW2L6y/s1600/Results.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="159" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9Fn8PKQMLmLi-V_VBXamW01_F_QjPAVs139kZC2Fp4BNn590vdAgcAd1kqFqAq9Xv-ucDwnHog3AfTJnccyUU52cXnqzFSxi4zzSwdAb3LEVVbLzbetgJcU0RPN9fOdWddtH-H3gW2L6y/s320/Results.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="more"></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">
 <span style="text-align: justify;">Low Orbit Ion Cannon (LOIC) is an 
open source network stress testing and denial-of-service attack 
application, written in C#. LOIC was initially developed by Praetox 
Technologies, but was later released into the public domain, and now is 
hosted on several open source platforms.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGuh0_QQAUPMdQWnHx98NagU2n_-utzUDp3NBxX5aI7BGGzdVtjU83DK0_yhezGihNcCYY7JIrXGmu6kRaz3etOESte_S9_432ICKet6yNLgsVANN2LAwzwtuSKGJMwUFwoXJzxCA-7WjD/s1600/LOIC_instrukcja.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="332" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGuh0_QQAUPMdQWnHx98NagU2n_-utzUDp3NBxX5aI7BGGzdVtjU83DK0_yhezGihNcCYY7JIrXGmu6kRaz3etOESte_S9_432ICKet6yNLgsVANN2LAwzwtuSKGJMwUFwoXJzxCA-7WjD/s400/LOIC_instrukcja.png" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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The software has inspired the creation of an independent JavaScript 
version called JS LOIC, as well as LOIC-derrived web version called Low 
Orbit Web Cannon. These enable a DoS from a web browser.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"> </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;">                                                <span style="color: red;"><a href="http://turbobit.net/45zzlatwqwi5/Low_Orbit_Ion_Cannon_download_LOIC_sidedark-warez.pl.zip.html" target="_blank"> DOWNLOAD</a></span></span></div>

Hack Websites with LOIC (DDos Attack)

LOIC performs a denial-of-service (DoS) attack (or when used by multiple individuals, a DDoS attack) on a target site by floodin...

How to Unlock Your Iphone,Ipad,Ipod Using JailBreaker

Anonymous 0 Mobile Tricks, Pc trick, pchackingtricks 05:39

<span style="font-size: small;"></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWQnOsvCSbnqnnb9EVq-WQy0mz2zZdTVx7BcLpiXC03VUuIinVcBAU_5ki6Vt-aihdlYmtFlW2mRxTkUFhJj2mnWgssbVcX_YogkpixXmIHxzrkKy-ipLeJYiGjJVV0N_dW4ts87_av6Kg/s1600/index.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWQnOsvCSbnqnnb9EVq-WQy0mz2zZdTVx7BcLpiXC03VUuIinVcBAU_5ki6Vt-aihdlYmtFlW2mRxTkUFhJj2mnWgssbVcX_YogkpixXmIHxzrkKy-ipLeJYiGjJVV0N_dW4ts87_av6Kg/s1600/index.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"> </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"> </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;">I’m pretty sure you want to jailbreak
 your iPod. If you don’t, well it’s only your funeral. So first we go to
 the Green Poison website. You can use many other programs for many 
different sites, but this one is the most simple, and I have tried this 
one out, and it has no viruses. Here is the link: <a href="http://greenpois0n.com/">http://greenpois0n.com/</a></span></div>
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<br /><br />Step 1:</span>
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<span style="font-size: small;">So now, you are at the green poison site, and everything looks simple, 
and the logo looks cool. Now you have to choose you operating system, 
you have a choice out of Windows, Mac, and Linux. If you do not have any
 of these operating systems, contact Chronic Dev team, or get a new 
operating system.</span></div>
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Step 2:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Download the operating system link. Once again, you do not have to worry
 about viruses, I have checked. Now once you have downloaded this, open 
it. It should come as a zip file, so you will have to extract the file.</div>
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Step 3:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
So now that you have the extracted file in a folder, open it up, and 
start up Green Poison, and wait. When green poison starts, it will show a
 command prompt box. Do not get freaked out, it will go away in a few 
moments. So, when it actually starts running, it will ask you if you are
 jail breaking an Apple TV. Press yes if you are, and no if you aren’t. 
If you are jail breaking an Apple TV, please go to Step 7.</div>
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Step 4: </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Now, assuming you are not jail breaking an Apple TV, continue. It will 
ask you politely with a please to turn off your device. Well, since they
 asked nicely, and also because it wouldn’t work without switching off, 
turn it off. After that, press the button that says ‘Prepare to 
Jailbreak (DFU)’.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Step 5:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Now it will give you whole bunch of instructions. Well, it is only four,
 but it can seem overwhelming at first, just because you only have three
 seconds to start.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Here are the instructions:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Get ready to start (3 sec)</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Press and hold the sleep button (2 sec)</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Continue holding sleep; press and hold home (10 sec)</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Release sleep button; continue holding home (15 sec)</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
After that it will either say ‘Try again’ or the DFU bar will load.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Step 6:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Now there will be a button that says Jailbreak, wait for it and it will 
load, and then your device’s apple icon will turn all cool and awesome 
with the green poison icon.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Step 7:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Well, if you are jail breaking your Apple TV, read the notice that asks 
if you are jailbreaking an Apple TV, it says you need to wait 
approximate 40 seconds after complete to finish. Just follow the same 
steps as the ones for other devices, only with different instructions.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
End:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Well, you are now finished jail breaking your Apple Device! Enjoy! I 
will soon be posting up all the different Cydia apps there are on a 
different article, but on a review.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
I hope this tutorial was useful for you....</div>
</span>

How to Unlock Your Iphone,Ipad,Ipod Using JailBreaker

I’m pretty sure you want to jailbreak your iPod. If you don’t, well it’s only your funeral. So first we go to the Green Poison...

All Linux Commands...

Anonymous 0 PC Hacking tricks, Pc trick, pchackingtricks 05:36

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzGIDBq2QDQgoCD8DaKIXsA_BRbyyYbjgM020Ys7UtXqG7dkz3wC0Dcqps_Frq5HBzomzvvXkXYeo2Zr0tx5Q890ViWytUlZq9c1cqIejzelvOP5Auw2drleRGFXvO20UVFZpt9Mqf-45h/s1600/index.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="199" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzGIDBq2QDQgoCD8DaKIXsA_BRbyyYbjgM020Ys7UtXqG7dkz3wC0Dcqps_Frq5HBzomzvvXkXYeo2Zr0tx5Q890ViWytUlZq9c1cqIejzelvOP5Auw2drleRGFXvO20UVFZpt9Mqf-45h/s1600/index.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<b>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">a</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  alias    Create an alias •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  apropos  Search Help manual pages (man -k)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  apt-get  Search for and install software packages (Debian/Ubuntu)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  aptitude Search for and install software packages (Debian/Ubuntu)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  aspell   Spell Checker</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  awk      Find and Replace text, database sort/validate/index</span></span>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="more"></a></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
b</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  basename Strip directory and suffix from filenames</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  bash     GNU Bourne-Again SHell </span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  bc       Arbitrary precision calculator language </span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  bg       Send to background</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  break    Exit from a loop •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  builtin  Run a shell builtin</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  bzip2    Compress or decompress named file(s)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
c</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  cal      Display a calendar</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  case     Conditionally perform a command</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  cat      Concatenate and print (display) the content of files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  cd       Change Directory</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  cfdisk   Partition table manipulator for Linux</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  chgrp    Change group ownership</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  chmod    Change access permissions</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  chown    Change file owner and group</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  chroot   Run a command with a different root directory</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  chkconfig System services (runlevel)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  cksum    Print CRC checksum and byte counts</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  clear    Clear terminal screen</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  cmp      Compare two files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  comm     Compare two sorted files line by line</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  command  Run a command - ignoring shell functions •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  continue Resume the next iteration of a loop •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  cp       Copy one or more files to another location</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  cron     Daemon to execute scheduled commands</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  crontab  Schedule a command to run at a later time</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  csplit   Split a file into context-determined pieces</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  cut      Divide a file into several parts</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
d</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  date     Display or change the date & time</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  dc       Desk Calculator</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  dd       Convert and copy a file, write disk headers, boot records</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  ddrescue Data recovery tool</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  declare  Declare variables and give them attributes •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  df       Display free disk space</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  diff     Display the differences between two files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  diff3    Show differences among three files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  dig      DNS lookup</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  dir      Briefly list directory contents</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  dircolors Colour setup for `ls'</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  dirname  Convert a full pathname to just a path</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  dirs     Display list of remembered directories</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  dmesg    Print kernel & driver messages </span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  du       Estimate file space usage</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
e</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  echo     Display message on screen •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  egrep    Search file(s) for lines that match an extended expression</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  eject    Eject removable media</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  enable   Enable and disable builtin shell commands •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  env      Environment variables</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  ethtool  Ethernet card settings</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  eval     Evaluate several commands/arguments</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  exec     Execute a command</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  exit     Exit the shell</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  expect   Automate arbitrary applications accessed over a terminal</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  expand   Convert tabs to spaces</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  export   Set an environment variable</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  expr     Evaluate expressions</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
f</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  false    Do nothing, unsuccessfully</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  fdformat Low-level format a floppy disk</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  fdisk    Partition table manipulator for Linux</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  fg       Send job to foreground </span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  fgrep    Search file(s) for lines that match a fixed string</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  file     Determine file type</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  find     Search for files that meet a desired criteria</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  fmt      Reformat paragraph text</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  fold     Wrap text to fit a specified width.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  for      Expand words, and execute commands</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  format   Format disks or tapes</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  free     Display memory usage</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  fsck     File system consistency check and repair</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  ftp      File Transfer Protocol</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  function Define Function Macros</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  fuser    Identify/kill the process that is accessing a file</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
g</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  gawk     Find and Replace text within file(s)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  getopts  Parse positional parameters</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  grep     Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  groupadd Add a user security group</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  groupdel Delete a group</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  groupmod Modify a group</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  groups   Print group names a user is in</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  gzip     Compress or decompress named file(s)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
h</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  hash     Remember the full pathname of a name argument</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  head     Output the first part of file(s)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  help     Display help for a built-in command •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  history  Command History</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  hostname Print or set system name</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
i</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  iconv    Convert the character set of a file</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  id       Print user and group id's</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  if       Conditionally perform a command</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  ifconfig Configure a network interface</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  ifdown   Stop a network interface </span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  ifup     Start a network interface up</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  import   Capture an X server screen and save the image to file</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  install  Copy files and set attributes</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
j</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  jobs     List active jobs •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  join     Join lines on a common field</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
k</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  kill     Stop a process from running</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  killall  Kill processes by name</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
l</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  less     Display output one screen at a time</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  let      Perform arithmetic on shell variables •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  ln       Create a symbolic link to a file</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  local    Create variables •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  locate   Find files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  logname  Print current login name</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  logout   Exit a login shell •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  look     Display lines beginning with a given string</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  lpc      Line printer control program</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  lpr      Off line print</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  lprint   Print a file</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  lprintd  Abort a print job</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  lprintq  List the print queue</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  lprm     Remove jobs from the print queue</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  ls       List information about file(s)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  lsof     List open files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
m</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  make     Recompile a group of programs</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  man      Help manual</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  mkdir    Create new folder(s)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  mkfifo   Make FIFOs (named pipes)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  mkisofs  Create an hybrid ISO9660/JOLIET/HFS filesystem</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  mknod    Make block or character special files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  more     Display output one screen at a time</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  mount    Mount a file system</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  mtools   Manipulate MS-DOS files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  mtr      Network diagnostics (traceroute/ping)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  mv       Move or rename files or directories</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  mmv      Mass Move and rename (files)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
n</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  netstat  Networking information</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  nice     Set the priority of a command or job</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  nl       Number lines and write files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  nohup    Run a command immune to hangups</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  notify-send  Send desktop notifications</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  nslookup Query Internet name servers interactively</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
o</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  open     Open a file in its default application</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  op       Operator access </span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
p</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  passwd   Modify a user password</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  paste    Merge lines of files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  pathchk  Check file name portability</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  ping     Test a network connection</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  pkill    Stop processes from running</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  popd     Restore the previous value of the current directory</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  pr       Prepare files for printing</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  printcap Printer capability database</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  printenv Print environment variables</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  printf   Format and print data •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  ps       Process status</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  pushd    Save and then change the current directory</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  pwd      Print Working Directory</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
q</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  quota    Display disk usage and limits</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  quotacheck Scan a file system for disk usage</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  quotactl Set disk quotas</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
r</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  ram      ram disk device</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  rcp      Copy files between two machines</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  read     Read a line from standard input •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  readarray Read from stdin into an array variable •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  readonly Mark variables/functions as readonly</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  reboot   Reboot the system</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  rename   Rename files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  renice   Alter priority of running processes </span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  remsync  Synchronize remote files via email</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  return   Exit a shell function</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  rev      Reverse lines of a file</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  rm       Remove files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  rmdir    Remove folder(s)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  rsync    Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
s</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  screen   Multiplex terminal, run remote shells via ssh</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  scp      Secure copy (remote file copy)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  sdiff    Merge two files interactively</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  sed      Stream Editor</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  select   Accept keyboard input</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  seq      Print numeric sequences</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  set      Manipulate shell variables and functions</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  sftp     Secure File Transfer Program</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  shift    Shift positional parameters</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  shopt    Shell Options</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  shutdown Shutdown or restart linux</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  sleep    Delay for a specified time</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  slocate  Find files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  sort     Sort text files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  source   Run commands from a file `.'</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  split    Split a file into fixed-size pieces</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  ssh      Secure Shell client (remote login program)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  strace   Trace system calls and signals</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  su       Substitute user identity</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  sudo     Execute a command as another user</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  sum      Print a checksum for a file</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  suspend  Suspend execution of this shell •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  symlink  Make a new name for a file</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  sync     Synchronize data on disk with memory</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
t</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  tail     Output the last part of file</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  tar      Tape ARchiver</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  tee      Redirect output to multiple files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  test     Evaluate a conditional expression</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  time     Measure Program running time</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  times    User and system times</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  touch    Change file timestamps</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  top      List processes running on the system</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  traceroute Trace Route to Host</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  trap     Run a command when a signal is set(bourne)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  tr       Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  true     Do nothing, successfully</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  tsort    Topological sort</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  tty      Print filename of terminal on stdin</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  type     Describe a command •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
u</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  ulimit   Limit user resources •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  umask    Users file creation mask</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  umount   Unmount a device</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  unalias  Remove an alias •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  uname    Print system information</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  unexpand Convert spaces to tabs</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  uniq     Uniquify files</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  units    Convert units from one scale to another</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  unset    Remove variable or function names</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  unshar   Unpack shell archive scripts</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  until    Execute commands (until error)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  uptime   Show uptime</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  useradd  Create new user account</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  userdel  Delete a user account</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  usermod  Modify user account</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  users    List users currently logged in</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  uuencode Encode a binary file </span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  uudecode Decode a file created by uuencode</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
v</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  v        Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  vdir     Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  vi       Text Editor</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  vmstat   Report virtual memory statistics</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
w</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  wait     Wait for a process to complete •</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  watch    Execute/display a program periodically</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  wc       Print byte, word, and line counts</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  whereis  Search the user's $path, man pages and source files for a program</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  which    Search the user's $path for a program file</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  while    Execute commands</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  who      Print all usernames currently logged in</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  whoami   Print the current user id and name (`id -un')</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  wget     Retrieve web pages or files via HTTP, HTTPS or FTP</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  write    Send a message to another user </span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
x</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  xargs    Execute utility, passing constructed argument list(s)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  xdg-open Open a file or URL in the user's preferred application.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  yes      Print a string until interrupted</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  .        Run a command script in the current shell</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  !!       Run the last command again</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
  ###      Comment / Remark</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">
Commands marked • are bash built-ins, these are available under all shells.</span></span></div>
</b><b><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></b><br />

All Linux Commands...

a alias Create an alias • apropos Search Help manual pages (man -k) apt-get Search for and install software packa...